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Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening: opportunities and challenges
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 页码 116-121 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0600-1
Lung cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death in both males and females. Screening for lung cancer coupled with earlier intervention has long been studied as an approach to mortality reduction. However, minimal progress was achieved until recently, when low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) screening demonstrated a 20% reduction in mortality from lung cancer in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), the National Lung Screening Trial, from the United States. On the basis of this finding, LDCT has been recommended for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations by several clinical guidelines. However, results from the following independent RCTs in Europe failed to show consistent conclusions. In addition, intractable problems gradually emerged with the progress of LDCT screening. This paper summarizes and discusses the main observations and challenges of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Before spreading implementation of LDCT screening, challenges, including high false-positive rates, overdiagnosis, enormous costs, and radiation risk, must be addressed. Complementary biomarkers and technical improvement are expected in the field of lung cancer screening in the near future.
关键词: lung cancer low-dose computerized tomography early detection opportunities challenges
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1733-x
关键词: Bioaugmentation Low-dose persulfate oxidation Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Remediation
Bingshan Liu, Roshni Narurkar, Madhura Hanmantgad, Wahib Zafar, Yongping Song, Delong Liu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第5期 页码 593-599 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0635-y
Conventional combination therapies have not resulted in considerable progress in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Elderly patients with AML and poor risk factors have grave prognosis. Midostaurin has been recently approved for the treatment of FLT-3-mutated AML. Venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of relapsed and/or refractory chronic lymphoid leukemia. Clinical trials on applying venetoclax in combination with cytarabine and other agents to treat various hematological malignancies are currently underway. Here, we present a case of a male patient with poor performance status and who developed AML following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for high-risk myelodysplasia. The patient with high risk AML achieved complete response to the combined treatment regimen of low-dose cytarabine and venetoclax. Furthermore, we reviewed current clinical trials on the use of venetoclax for hematological malignancies.
关键词: venetoclax cytarabine AML leukemia
Cancer and the environment: Filling knowledge gaps together
Linda S. BIRNBAUM PhD, DABT, ATS,
《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第2期 页码 131-133 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0044-3
关键词: environment genes environmental exposure environmental agent persistence chemicals inert ingredients low dose
结合全变分最小化和稀疏字典学习后处理的低剂量CT重建 Article
Yong DING, Tuo HU
《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第18卷 第12期 页码 2001-2008 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700287
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第3期 页码 288-295 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0208-4
Tramadol is a potent analgesic. However, the analgesia efficacy of tramadol, particularly its minimum effective dose (MED), is not clear. The aim of this study is to find MED of tramadol for postoperative analgesia in infants. The continual reassessment method (CRM) was performed to find MED. Infants undergoing surgeries were included in the 3 phases of this series. In each phase, 24 participants were allocated a different tramadol dose. Pain intensity was measured by face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) measurement at 3-hour intervals. Tramadol was considered ineffective if the FLACC score was higher than 4 in 10 at anytime. In phase 1, seven dose levels were used within the range 0.1–0.4 mg?kg-1·h-1. Phase 1 was insufficient to identify the MED, and we increased the dose to 0.4–0.8 mg?kg-1·h-1 in phase 2. Phase 2 was insufficient to identify the MED. In phase 3, local anesthetic wound infiltration was introduced, and the tramadol dose levels tested were the same as in phase 1. The successful analgesia probability of tramadol 0.4 mg?kg-1?h-1 was 82.1% (95% CI, 0.742–0.925) in phase 1. In phase 2, it was 84.7% (95% CI, 0.789–0.991) with the dose 0.8 mg?kg-1?h-1. Phase 1 and phase 2 were insufficient to identify the MED. In phase 3, the successful analgesia probability for dose 0.35 mg?kg-1?h-1was 96.7% (95% CI, 0.853–0.997).We have demonstrated that tramadol provides insufficient analgesia for surgeries considered to cause moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in infants if used as the sole analgesic, and that local anesthetic wound infiltration enhances the efficacy of tramadol.
关键词: tramadol minimum effective dose postoperative analgesia infants continual reassessment method
Early assessment of the safety and immunogenicity of a third dose (booster) of COVID-19 immunization
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期 页码 93-101 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0914-x
关键词: COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunization booster immunization
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第4期 页码 506-509 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0294-y
This study aimed to investigate patient dose in diagnostic screen-film radiographic examinations in the city of Lhasa, China. Seven out of the twenty-six hospitals registered with the Lhasa Health Bureau were included in the investigation. The entrance surface air Kerma (ESAK) of seven conventional screen-film radiology X-ray equipment in these hospitals was measured with a QA dosimeter in September 2012. The X-ray examinations were divided into three categories: PA (posterior-anterior) chest, upper/lower limb, and AP (anterior-posterior) lumbar spine. For each category, ESAKs were calculated and analyzed. The mean ESAK was 0.6 mGy for PA chest, 0.3 mGy for upper/lower limb, and 1.8 mGy for AP lumbar spine. In addition, the mean ESAK value recorded for PA chest X-ray examinations exceeded the corresponding value recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (0.4 mGy).
关键词: radiation dosage radiology radiation protection radiography/statistics & numerical data
Effect of chemical dose on phosphorus removal and membrane fouling control in a UCT-MBR
Guangrong Sun, Chuanyi Zhang, Wei Li, Limei Yuan, Shilong He, Liping Wang
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1085-8
关键词: University of Cape Town Bioreactor (UCT-MBR) enhanced nutrients removal aluminum sulfate sludge activity membrane fouling
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 页码 231-239 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0939-9
关键词: neoadjuvant radiotherapy oligometastatic prostate cancer radical prostatectomy
余宏亮,常明秀,曹恒海,薄立伟,杨永俊,李聪敏,李铭
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期 页码 86-88
目的:项目拟通过观察在培养液中加入较高剂量的人参皂苷CK(Ginsenoside,G组)、淫羊藿苷(Icraiin,I组)两种药物前﹑后精子死亡率数据,评估两种药物单体在较大剂量时对体外精子的死亡率的影响。方法:新鲜液化的精液(semen)标本40份,F-10培养液调整浓度为1.0×107/mL,分别添加不同剂量的人参皂苷CK(Ginsenoside,Gin CK)﹑淫羊藿苷(Icraiin,Icr)按照不同药物浓度,G组分为500 μg/mL组(G1组),100 μg/mL组(G2组),I组分为500 μg/mL(I1组),100 μg/mL(I2组);设不添加任何物质的F-10组(F-10,F组)为阴性对照组,培养24 h后分别检查各组精子活动率和死亡率。结果:培养24 h后,精子死亡率从低到高分别是培养24 h后,I2组死亡率为41.31±17.49, F组死亡率为47.50±19.85 ,G2组死亡率为55.75±24.93,I3组死亡率为 58.05±19.06,G1组死亡率为98.84±1.62。精子死亡率从低到高分别是I2组﹑F组﹑G2组﹑I1组﹑G1组,各组比较有差异(P<0.05)。结论:较大剂量的Gin CK、Icr,均可引起体外培养的精子死亡率增高;在0.1 mg/mL的浓度下的Gin CK对精子的致死作用已经比较明显,而0.5 mg/mL对体外培养精子来说是致死剂量(98.84 %),在0.1 mg/mL的剂量下的淫羊藿苷对精子的致死作用并不明显,在0.5 mg/mL剂量下Icr对精子致死作用有所提高,但远未达到Gin CK 98.4%的致死率。
Innovation practice in engineering management of the Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City
Yimin LIU, Longbin HE, Xuan LI, Qin ZHENG
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第2期 页码 302-307 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0031-6
关键词: low-carbon city low-carbon design city-industry integration low-carbon development low-carbon management
Simulation on thermodynamic state of ammonia carbonation at low temperature and low pressure
Jingcai ZHAO, Xingfu SONG, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第4期 页码 447-455 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1370-1
关键词: vapor-liquid equilibrium activity coefficient carbon dioxide ammonia NRTL
Energy transition management towards a low-carbon world
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第3期 页码 499-503 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0201-9
关键词: energy transition low-carbon technology system modeling transition path emission reduction
A hybrid method for product low-end disruptive innovation
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0690-6
关键词: low-end disruptive innovation product design design improvement theory of inventive problem solving TRIZ trimming
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Comparison of exogenous degrader-enhanced bioremediation with low-dose persulfate oxidation for polycyclic
期刊论文
Venetoclax and low-dose cytarabine induced complete remission in a patient with high-risk acute myeloid
Bingshan Liu, Roshni Narurkar, Madhura Hanmantgad, Wahib Zafar, Yongping Song, Delong Liu
期刊论文
Estimation of the minimum effective dose of tramadol for postoperative analgesia in infants using the
null
期刊论文
Early assessment of the safety and immunogenicity of a third dose (booster) of COVID-19 immunization
期刊论文
An investigation on patient dose in screen-film diagnostic radiology in Lhasa City, Xizang Autonomous
null
期刊论文
Effect of chemical dose on phosphorus removal and membrane fouling control in a UCT-MBR
Guangrong Sun, Chuanyi Zhang, Wei Li, Limei Yuan, Shilong He, Liping Wang
期刊论文
radiohormonal therapy for oligo-metastatic prostate cancer: safety and efficacy outcomes from an open-label, dose-escalation
期刊论文
Innovation practice in engineering management of the Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City
Yimin LIU, Longbin HE, Xuan LI, Qin ZHENG
期刊论文
Simulation on thermodynamic state of ammonia carbonation at low temperature and low pressure
Jingcai ZHAO, Xingfu SONG, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU
期刊论文